The PerlPlusPlugin This project grew out of the desire of the authors to launch Perl/Tk programs from Netscape browser sessions. Initially, we used Stan Melax's libopenglplugin plugin, hoping that only minor modifications would be required to make it do Perl/Tk as well. It became obvious very quickly that the security applied by Stan via the Safe module was too restrictive for Perl/Tk. Unfortunately, loosening the restrictions sufficiently for Perl/Tk would allow dangerously insecure programs to be accessed and run. In order to provide a reasonable degree of security and still make the plugin useful for Perl/Tk programs, we chose to implement both an Opcodes-based mechanism that is configurable at build time, and an authorization mechanism based on using a cgi-bin script to authorize each URL the user attempts to browse with the plugin. When a user browses a file that causes the browser to load and start the plugin, two things happen. First, the browsed file is copied to a temporary location. Then, the URL that was browsed is passed to a cgi script using a POST request to the server. The cgi script returns an authorization code to the plugin indicating whether the URL is considered safe or not and to what degree. We have established six levels of "safeness" in the current implementation. Level 0 is the "not safe to run" level and causes the plugin to delete the temporary file and return immediately to the browser. Levels 1-5 use opcode restrictions to limit what sorts of programs can be run. Level 1 is the default level as described in the Opcode module documentation. It won't run Perl/Tk, but is safe for many other kinds of Perl programs, including many Perl/OpenGL programs. Level 2 is intended to provide the minimum number of opcodes needed to run a Perl/Tk program. As this is being written, just prior to the first alpha release, it's not certain that the current set of opcodes fully meets the implied criteria, but it seems to work with at least many of the major widgets. Hopefully, the correct set of these will evolve as more people use the plugin. Level 3 extends level 2 to all but the most dangerous opcodes with Level 4 supplying all the rest (and no security whatever via the opcode mechanism). Level 5 is intended to be user customizable, although the mechanism for doing that at present is a bit awkward, requiring that the implementor make changes to the macros in the np_perl.h file. The cgi script can take any steps it likes to determine the authorization level for a URL. The script supplied with the plugin does a lookup on the URL and the associated authorization code and returns the code to the plugin. However, authorizations could be based on many other things, such as time of day, user or host running the browser, etc. Once the cgi has responded with the authorization code, the plugin prepends the appropriate Opcode:: functions to the saved program and execs a Perl interpreter with the temporary file as one of the arguments (unless, of course, the code returned was '0'.) See the INSTALL and HOW_TO documents for additional information regarding setting up the CGI script. The plugin also creates a hash (Plugin::brinfo{}) to make the window parameters available to Perl/Tk and Perl/OpenGL programs. This allows them to display themselves within the browser window. For Perl/Tk, this only seems to work with Tk800.xxx. The hash buckets are as follows: Plugin::brinfo{xwindow_id} -- contains the XWID of the browser (currently undefined for Win32). Plugin::brinfo{x_min} -- the x-coordinate of the upper left corner of the browser-provided window, in pixels. Plugin::brinfo{y_min} -- y-coordinate of the upper left corner. Plugin::brinfo{x_len} -- window width, in pixels. Plugin::brinfo{y_len} -- window height, in pixels. Plugin::brinfo{display} -- the Xlib Display pointer (essentially never used). Plugin::brinfo{version} -- the version string identifying the version of the plugin. For additional information on making use of these parameters in your scripts, see the INSTALL and HOW_TO documents that come with this distribution, and the example plugins in the samples/ directory. It can't be emphasized too much that useful Perl scripts are difficult to make secure. Scripts browsed from un-trusted sources should be considered extremely dangerous. We've attempted to overcome this difficulty by implementing an authorization mechanism in this plugin. But the mechanism has had essentially no testing to verify that it actually provides any degree of security. We are eager to have such testing performed by others more knowlegeable about security issues and welcome any feedback concerning it or any other issues regarding the way the plugin has been implemented. That warning aside, please try it out. This is currently alpha code and hasn't yet experienced Eric Raymond's obligatory rewrite, so it's expected to undergo many revisions. Please feel free to help with that process in any way you like, with suggestions, flames, code contributions or whatever. With this release, 0.95, we've added a Win32 version. It is not presently as complete as the Unix version in that the displayed windows end up on the root window rather on the browser. But it's useful even so and perhaps someone else will see how to make it display on the browser. If so, please let me know. This version was built on NT 4.0 with VC++ 5.0. I've included a generated Makefile that works with nmake. Please let me know if you succeed at building it in some other environment. See the rEADME.Win32 for addtional information. Frank Holtry