NAME
curl - transfer a URL
SYNOPSIS
curl [options] [URL...]
DESCRIPTION
curl is a client to get documents/files from or send docu
ments to a server, using any of the supported protocols
(HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, GOPHER, DICT, TELNET, LDAP or FILE). The
command is designed to work without user interaction or any
kind of interactivity.
curl offers a busload of useful tricks like proxy support,
user authentication, ftp upload, HTTP post, SSL (https:)
connections, cookies, file transfer resume and more.
URL
The URL syntax is protocol dependent. You'll find a detailed
description in RFC 2396.
You can specify multiple URLs or parts of URLs by writing
part sets within braces as in:
http://site.{one,two,three}.com
or you can get sequences of alphanumeric series by using []
as in:
ftp://ftp.numericals.com/file[1-100].txt
ftp://ftp.numericals.com/file[001-100].txt (with leading
zeros)
ftp://ftp.letters.com/file[a-z].txt
It is possible to specify up to 9 sets or series for a URL,
but no nesting is supported at the moment:
http://www.any.org/archive[1996-1999]/vol
ume[1-4]part{a,b,c,index}.html
You can specify any amount of URLs on the command line. They
will be fetched in a sequential manner in the specified
order.
Curl will attempt to re-use connections for multiple file
transfers, so that getting many files from the same server
will not do multiple connects / handshakes. This improves
speed. Of course this is only done on files specified on a
single command line and cannot be used between separate curl
invokes.
OPTIONS
-a/--append
(FTP) When used in a ftp upload, this will tell curl to
append to the target file instead of overwriting it. If
the file doesn't exist, it will be created.
If this option is used twice, the second one will dis
able append mode again.
-A/--user-agent <agent string>
(HTTP) Specify the User-Agent string to send to the
HTTP server. Some badly done CGIs fail if its not set
to "Mozilla/4.0". To encode blanks in the string, sur
round the string with single quote marks. This can
also be set with the -H/--header flag of course.
If this option is set more than once, the last one will
be the one that's used.
-b/--cookie <name=data>
(HTTP) Pass the data to the HTTP server as a cookie. It
is supposedly the data previously received from the
server in a "Set-Cookie:" line. The data should be in
the format "NAME1=VALUE1; NAME2=VALUE2".
If no '=' letter is used in the line, it is treated as
a filename to use to read previously stored cookie
lines from, which should be used in this session if
they match. Using this method also activates the
"cookie parser" which will make curl record incoming
cookies too, which may be handy if you're using this in
combination with the -L/--location option. The file
format of the file to read cookies from should be plain
HTTP headers or the Netscape/Mozilla cookie file for
mat.
NOTE that the file specified with -b/--cookie is only
used as input. No cookies will be stored in the file.
To store cookies, save the HTTP headers to a file using
-D/--dump-header!
If this option is set more than once, the last one will
be the one that's used.
-B/--use-ascii
Use ASCII transfer when getting an FTP file or LDAP
info. For FTP, this can also be enforced by using an
URL that ends with ";type=A". This option causes data
sent to stdout to be in text mode for win32 systems.
If this option is used twice, the second one will dis
able ASCII usage.
--ciphers <list of ciphers>
(SSL) Specifies which ciphers to use in the connection.
The list of ciphers must be using valid ciphers. Read
up on SSL cipher list details on this URL:
http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html (Option
added in curl 7.9)
If this option is used several times, the last one will
override the others.
--connect-timeout <seconds>
Maximum time in seconds that you allow the connection
to the server to take. This only limits the connection
phase, once curl has connected this option is of no
more use. See also the --max-time option.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-c/--cookie-jar <file name>
Specify to which file you want curl to write all cook
ies after a completed operation. Curl writes all cook
ies previously read from a specified file as well as
all cookies received from remote server(s). If no cook
ies are known, no file will be written. The file will
be written using the Netscape cookie file format. If
you set the file name to a single dash, "-", the cook
ies will be written to stdout. (Option added in curl
7.9)
If this option is used several times, the last specfied
file name will be used.
-C/--continue-at <offset>
Continue/Resume a previous file transfer at the given
offset. The given offset is the exact number of bytes
that will be skipped counted from the beginning of the
source file before it is transfered to the destination.
If used with uploads, the ftp server command SIZE will
not be used by curl.
Use "-C -" to tell curl to automatically find out
where/how to resume the transfer. It then uses the
given output/input files to figure that out.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
--crlf
(FTP) Convert LF to CRLF in upload. Useful for MVS
(OS/390).
If this option is used twice, the second will again
disable crlf converting.
-d/--data <data>
(HTTP) Sends the specified data in a POST request to
the HTTP server, in a way that can emulate as if a user
has filled in a HTML form and pressed the submit but
ton. Note that the data is sent exactly as specified
with no extra processing (with all newlines cut off).
The data is expected to be "url-encoded". This will
cause curl to pass the data to the server using the
content-type application/x-www-form-urlencoded. Compare
to -F. If more than one -d/--data option is used on the
same command line, the data pieces specified will be
merged together with a separating &-letter. Thus, using
'-d name=daniel -d skill=lousy' would generate a post
chunk that looks like 'name=daniel&skill=lousy'.
If you start the data with the letter @, the rest
should be a file name to read the data from, or - if
you want curl to read the data from stdin. The con
tents of the file must already be url-encoded. Multiple
files can also be specified. Posting data from a file
named 'foobar' would thus be done with "--data @foo
bar".
To post data purely binary, you should instead use the
--data-binary option.
-d/--data is the same as --data-ascii.
If this option is used several times, the ones follow
ing the first will append data.
--data-ascii <data>
(HTTP) This is an alias for the -d/--data option.
If this option is used several times, the ones follow
ing the first will append data.
--data-binary <data>
(HTTP) This posts data in a similar manner as --data-
ascii does, although when using this option the entire
context of the posted data is kept as-is. If you want
to post a binary file without the strip-newlines fea
ture of the --data-ascii option, this is for you.
If this option is used several times, the ones follow
ing the first will append data.
--disable-epsv
(FTP) Tell curl to disable the use of the EPSV command
when doing passive FTP downloads. Curl will normally
always first attempt to use EPSV before PASV, but with
this option, it will not try using EPSV.
If this option is used several times, each occurrence
will toggle this on/off.
-D/--dump-header <file>
Write the protocol headers to the specified file.
This option is handy to use when you want to store the
cookies that a HTTP site sends to you. The cookies
could then be read in a second curl invoke by using the
-b/--cookie option!
When used on FTP, the ftp server response lines are
considered being "headers" and thus are saved there.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-e/--referer <URL>
(HTTP) Sends the "Referer Page" information to the HTTP
server. This can also be set with the -H/--header flag
of course. When used with -L/--location you can append
";auto" to the referer URL to make curl automatically
set the previous URL when it follows a Location:
header. The ";auto" string can be used alone, even if
you don't set an initial referer.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
--environment
(RISC OS ONLY) Sets a range of environment variables,
using the names the -w option supports, to easier allow
extraction of useful information after having run curl.
If this option is used several times, each occurrence
will toggle this on/off.
--egd-file <file>
(HTTPS) Specify the path name to the Entropy Gathering
Daemon socket. The socket is used to seed the random
engine for SSL connections. See also the --random-file
option.
-E/--cert <certificate[:password]>
(HTTPS) Tells curl to use the specified certificate
file when getting a file with HTTPS. The certificate
must be in PEM format. If the optional password isn't
specified, it will be queried for on the terminal. Note
that this certificate is the private key and the pri
vate certificate concatenated!
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
--cacert <CA certificate>
(HTTPS) Tells curl to use the specified certificate
file to verify the peer. The file may contain multiple
CA certificates. The certificate(s) must be in PEM for
mat.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
--capath <CA certificate directory>
(HTTPS) Tells curl to use the specified certificate
directory to verify the peer. The certificates must be
in PEM format, and the directory must have been pro
cessed using the c_rehash utility supplied with
openssl. Certificate directories are not supported
under Windows (because c_rehash uses symbolink links to
create them). Using --capath can allow curl to make
https connections much more efficiently than using
--cacert if the --cacert file contains many CA certifi
cates.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-f/--fail
(HTTP) Fail silently (no output at all) on server
errors. This is mostly done like this to better enable
scripts etc to better deal with failed attempts. In
normal cases when a HTTP server fails to deliver a doc
ument, it returns a HTML document stating so (which
often also describes why and more). This flag will pre
vent curl from outputting that and fail silently
instead.
If this option is used twice, the second will again
disable silent failure.
-F/--form <name=content>
(HTTP) This lets curl emulate a filled in form in which
a user has pressed the submit button. This causes curl
to POST data using the content-type multipart/form-data
according to RFC1867. This enables uploading of binary
files etc. To force the 'content' part to be be a file,
prefix the file name with an @ sign. To just get the
content part from a file, prefix the file name with the
letter <. The difference between @ and < is then that @
makes a file get attached in the post as a file upload,
while the < makes a text field and just get the con
tents for that text field from a file.
Example, to send your password file to the server,
where 'password' is the name of the form-field to which
/etc/passwd will be the input:
curl -F password=@/etc/passwd www.mypasswords.com
To read the file's content from stdin insted of a file,
use - where the file name should've been. This goes for
both @ and < constructs.
This option can be used multiple times.
-g/--globoff
This option switches off the "URL globbing parser".
When you set this option, you can specify URLs that
contain the letters {}[] without having them being
interpreted by curl itself. Note that these letters are
not normal legal URL contents but they should be
encoded according to the URI standard.
-G/--get
When used, this option will make all data specified
with -d/--data or --data-binary to be used in a HTTP
GET request instead of the POST request that otherwise
would be used. The data will be appended to the URL
with a '?' separator. (Option added in curl 7.9)
If used in combination with -I, the POST data will
instead be appended to the URL with a HEAD request.
If used multiple times, nothing special happens.
-h/--help
Usage help.
-H/--header <header>
(HTTP) Extra header to use when getting a web page. You
may specify any number of extra headers. Note that if
you should add a custom header that has the same name
as one of the internal ones curl would use, your exter
nally set header will be used instead of the internal
one. This allows you to make even trickier stuff than
curl would normally do. You should not replace inter
nally set headers without knowing perfectly well what
you're doing. Replacing an internal header with one
without content on the right side of the colon will
prevent that header from appearing.
This option can be used multiple times to
add/replace/remove multiple headers.
-i/--include
(HTTP) Include the HTTP-header in the output. The HTTP-
header includes things like server-name, date of the
document, HTTP-version and more...
If this option is used twice, the second will again
disable header include.
--interface <name>
Perform an operation using a specified interface. You
can enter interface name, IP address or host name. An
example could look like:
curl --interface eth0:1 http://www.netscape.com/
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-I/--head
(HTTP/FTP) Fetch the HTTP-header only! HTTP-servers
feature the command HEAD which this uses to get nothing
but the header of a document. When used on a FTP file,
curl displays the file size only.
If this option is used twice, the second will again
disable header only.
-j/--junk-session-cookies
(HTTP) When curl is told to read cookies from a given
file, this option will make it discard all "session
cookies". This will basicly have the same effect as if
a new session is started. Typical browsers always dis
card session cookies when they're closed down. (Added
in 7.9.7)
If this option is used several times, each occurrence
will toggle this on/off.
-k/--insecure
(SSL) This option explicitly allows curl to perform
"insecure" SSL connections and transfers. Starting with
curl 7.10, all SSL connections will be attempted to be
made secure by using the CA certificate bundle
installed by default. This makes all connections con
sidered "insecure" to fail unless -k/--insecure is
used.
If this option is used twice, the second time will
again disable it.
--krb4 <level>
(FTP) Enable kerberos4 authentication and use. The
level must be entered and should be one of 'clear',
'safe', 'confidential' or 'private'. Should you use a
level that is not one of these, 'private' will instead
be used.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-K/--config <config file>
Specify which config file to read curl arguments from.
The config file is a text file in which command line
arguments can be written which then will be used as if
they were written on the actual command line. Options
and their parameters must be specified on the same con
fig file line. If the parameter is to contain white
spaces, the parameter must be inclosed within quotes.
If the first column of a config line is a '#' charac
ter, the rest of the line will be treated as a comment.
Specify the filename as '-' to make curl read the file
from stdin.
Note that to be able to specify a URL in the config
file, you need to specify it using the --url option,
and not by simply writing the URL on its own line. So,
it could look similar to this:
url = "http://curl.haxx.se/docs/"
This option can be used multiple times.
--limit-rate <speed>
Specify the maximum transfer rate you want curl to use.
This feature is useful if you have a limited pipe and
you'd prefer you have your transfer not use your entire
bandwidth.
The given speed is measured in bytes/second, unless a
suffix is appended. Appending 'k' or 'K' will count the
number as kilobytes, 'm' or M' makes it megabytes while
'g' or 'G' makes it gigabytes. Examples: 200K, 3m and
1G.
This option was introduced in curl 7.9.9.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-l/--list-only
(FTP) When listing an FTP directory, this switch forces
a name-only view. Especially useful if you want to
machine-parse the contents of an FTP directory since
the normal directory view doesn't use a standard look
or format.
This option causes an FTP NLST command to be sent.
Some FTP servers list only files in their response to
NLST; they do not include subdirectories and symbolic
links.
If this option is used twice, the second will again
disable list only.
-L/--location
(HTTP/HTTPS) If the server reports that the requested
page has a different location (indicated with the
header line Location:) this flag will let curl attempt
to reattempt the get on the new place. If used together
with -i or -I, headers from all requested pages will be
shown. If this flag is used when making a HTTP POST,
curl will automatically switch to GET after the initial
POST has been done.
If this option is used twice, the second will again
disable location following.
-m/--max-time <seconds>
Maximum time in seconds that you allow the whole opera
tion to take. This is useful for preventing your batch
jobs from hanging for hours due to slow networks or
links going down. This doesn't work fully in win32
systems. See also the --connect-timeout option.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-M/--manual
Manual. Display the huge help text.
-n/--netrc
Makes curl scan the .netrc file in the user's home
directory for login name and password. This is typi
cally used for ftp on unix. If used with http, curl
will enable user authentication. See netrc(4) or ftp(1)
for details on the file format. Curl will not complain
if that file hasn't the right permissions (it should
not be world nor group readable). The environment vari
able "HOME" is used to find the home directory.
A quick and very simple example of how to setup a
.netrc to allow curl to ftp to the machine
host.domain.com with user name 'myself' and password
'secret' should look similar to:
machine host.domain.com login myself password secret
If this option is used twice, the second will again
disable netrc usage.
-N/--no-buffer
Disables the buffering of the output stream. In normal
work situations, curl will use a standard buffered out
put stream that will have the effect that it will out
put the data in chunks, not necessarily exactly when
the data arrives. Using this option will disable that
buffering.
If this option is used twice, the second will again
switch on buffering.
-o/--output <file>
Write output to <file> instead of stdout. If you are
using {} or [] to fetch multiple documents, you can use
'#' followed by a number in the <file> specifier. That
variable will be replaced with the current string for
the URL being fetched. Like in:
curl http://{one,two}.site.com -o "file_#1.txt"
or use several variables like:
curl http://{site,host}.host[1-5].com -o "#1_#2"
You may use this option as many times as you have num
ber of URLs.
-O/--remote-name
Write output to a local file named like the remote file
we get. (Only the file part of the remote file is used,
the path is cut off.)
You may use this option as many times as you have num
ber of URLs.
-p/--proxytunnel
When an HTTP proxy is used, this option will cause non-
HTTP protocols to attempt to tunnel through the proxy
instead of merely using it to do HTTP-like operations.
The tunnel approach is made with the HTTP proxy CONNECT
request and requires that the proxy allows direct con
nect to the remote port number curl wants to tunnel
through to.
If this option is used twice, the second will again
disable proxy tunnel.
-P/--ftpport <address>
(FTP) Reverses the initiator/listener roles when con
necting with ftp. This switch makes Curl use the PORT
command instead of PASV. In practice, PORT tells the
server to connect to the client's specified address and
port, while PASV asks the server for an ip address and
port to connect to. <address> should be one of:
interface i.e "eth0" to specify which interface's IP
address you want to use (Unix only)
IP address i.e "192.168.10.1" to specify exact IP num
ber
host name i.e "my.host.domain" to specify machine
- (any single-letter string) to make it pick
the machine's default
If this option is used several times, the last one will be
used.
-q If used as the first parameter on the command line, the
$HOME/.curlrc file will not be read and used as a con
fig file.
-Q/--quote <comand>
(FTP) Send an arbitrary command to the remote FTP
server, by using the QUOTE command of the server. Not
all servers support this command, and the set of QUOTE
commands are server specific! Quote commands are sent
BEFORE the transfer is taking place. To make commands
take place after a successful transfer, prefix them
with a dash '-'. You may specify any amount of commands
to be run before and after the transfer. If the server
returns failure for one of the commands, the entire
operation will be aborted.
This option can be used multiple times.
--random-file <file>
(HTTPS) Specify the path name to file containing what
will be considered as random data. The data is used to
seed the random engine for SSL connections. See also
the --edg-file option.
-r/--range <range>
(HTTP/FTP) Retrieve a byte range (i.e a partial docu
ment) from a HTTP/1.1 or FTP server. Ranges can be
specified in a number of ways.
0-499 specifies the first 500 bytes
500-999 specifies the second 500 bytes
-500 specifies the last 500 bytes
9500 specifies the bytes from offset 9500 and for
ward
0-0,-1 specifies the first and last byte only(*)(H)
500-700,600-799
specifies 300 bytes from offset 500(H)
100-199,500-599
specifies two separate 100 bytes ranges(*)(H)
(*) = NOTE that this will cause the server to reply with a
multipart response!
You should also be aware that many HTTP/1.1 servers do not
have this feature enabled, so that when you attempt to get a
range, you'll instead get the whole document.
FTP range downloads only support the simple syntax 'start-
stop' (optionally with one of the numbers omitted). It
depends on the non-RFC command SIZE.
If this option is used several times, the last one will be
used.
-R/--remote-time
When used, this will make libcurl attempt to figure out
the timestamp of the remote file, and if that is avail
able make the local file get that same timestamp.
If this option is used twice, the second time disables
this again.
-s/--silent
Silent mode. Don't show progress meter or error mes
sages. Makes Curl mute.
If this option is used twice, the second will again
disable mute.
-S/--show-error
When used with -s it makes curl show error message if
it fails.
If this option is used twice, the second will again
disable show error.
--stderr <file>
Redirect all writes to stderr to the specified file
instead. If the file name is a plain '-', it is instead
written to stdout. This option has no point when you're
using a shell with decent redirecting capabilities.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-t/--telnet-option <OPT=val>
Pass options to the telnet protocol. Supported options
are:
TTYPE=<term> Sets the terminal type.
XDISPLOC=<X display> Sets the X display location.
NEW_ENV=<var,val> Sets an environment variable.
-T/--upload-file <file>
This transfers the specified local file to the remote
URL. If there is no file part in the specified URL,
Curl will append the local file name. NOTE that you
must use a trailing / on the last directory to really
prove to Curl that there is no file name or curl will
think that your last directory name is the remote file
name to use. That will most likely cause the upload
operation to fail. If this is used on a http(s) server,
the PUT command will be used.
Use the file name "-" (a single dash) to use stdin
instead of a given file.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
--trace <file>
Enables a full trace dump of all incoming and outgoing
data, including descriptive information, to the given
output file. Use "-" as filename to have the output
sent to stdout.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used. (Added in curl 7.9.7)
--trace-ascii <file>
Enables a full trace dump of all incoming and outgoing
data, including descriptive information, to the given
output file. Use "-" as filename to have the output
sent to stdout.
This is very similar to --trace, but leaves out the hex
part and only shows the ASCII part of the dump. It
makes smaller output that might be easier to read for
untrained humans.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used. (Added in curl 7.9.7)
-u/--user <user:password>
Specify user and password to use when fetching. See
README.curl for detailed examples of how to use this.
If no password is specified, curl will ask for it
interactively.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-U/--proxy-user <user:password>
Specify user and password to use for Proxy authentica
tion. If no password is specified, curl will ask for it
interactively.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
--url <URL>
Specify a URL to fetch. This option is mostly handy
when you want to specify URL(s) in a config file.
This option may be used any number of times. To control
where this URL is written, use the -o or the -O
options.
-v/--verbose
Makes the fetching more verbose/talkative. Mostly
usable for debugging. Lines starting with '>' means
data sent by curl, '<' means data received by curl that
is hidden in normal cases and lines starting with '*'
means additional info provided by curl.
Note that if you want to see HTTP headers in the out
put, -i/--include might be option you're looking for.
If this option is used twice, the second will again
disable verbose.
-V/--version
Displays the full version of curl, libcurl and other
3rd party libraries linked with the executable.
-w/--write-out <format>
Defines what to display after a completed and success
ful operation. The format is a string that may contain
plain text mixed with any number of variables. The
string can be specified as "string", to get read from a
particular file you specify it "@filename" and to tell
curl to read the format from stdin you write "@-".
The variables present in the output format will be sub
stituted by the value or text that curl thinks fit, as
described below. All variables are specified like
%{variable_name} and to output a normal % you just
write them like %%. You can output a newline by using
\n, a carriage return with \r and a tab space with \t.
NOTE: The %-letter is a special letter in the
win32-environment, where all occurrences of % must be
doubled when using this option.
Available variables are at this point:
url_effective The URL that was fetched last. This is
mostly meaningful if you've told curl to
follow location: headers.
http_code The numerical code that was found in the
last retrieved HTTP(S) page.
time_total The total time, in seconds, that the
full operation lasted. The time will be
displayed with millisecond resolution.
time_namelookup
The time, in seconds, it took from the
start until the name resolving was com
pleted.
time_connect The time, in seconds, it took from the
start until the connect to the remote
host (or proxy) was completed.
time_pretransfer
The time, in seconds, it took from the
start until the file transfer is just
about to begin. This includes all pre-
transfer commands and negotiations that
are specific to the particular proto
col(s) involved.
time_starttransfer
The time, in seconds, it took from the
start until the first byte is just about
to be transfered. This includes
time_pretransfer and also the time the
server needs to calculate the result.
size_download The total amount of bytes that were
downloaded.
size_upload The total amount of bytes that were
uploaded.
size_header The total amount of bytes of the down
loaded headers.
size_request The total amount of bytes that were sent
in the HTTP request.
speed_download The average download speed that curl
measured for the complete download.
speed_upload The average upload speed that curl mea
sured for the complete upload.
content_type The Content-Type of the requested docu
ment, if there was any. (Added in 7.9.5)
If this option is used several times, the last one will be
used.
-x/--proxy <proxyhost[:port]>
Use specified HTTP proxy. If the port number is not
specified, it is assumed at port 1080.
This option overrides existing environment variables
that sets proxy to use. If there's an environment vari
able setting a proxy, you can set proxy to "" to over
ride it.
Note that all operations that are performed over a HTTP
proxy will transparantly be converted to HTTP. It means
that certain protocol specific operations might not be
available. This is not the case if you can tunnel
through the proxy, as done with the -p/--proxytunnel
option.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-X/--request <command>
(HTTP) Specifies a custom request to use when communi
cating with the HTTP server. The specified request
will be used instead of the standard GET. Read the HTTP
1.1 specification for details and explanations.
(FTP) Specifies a custom FTP command to use instead of
LIST when doing file lists with ftp.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-y/--speed-time <time>
If a download is slower than speed-limit bytes per sec
ond during a speed-time period, the download gets
aborted. If speed-time is used, the default speed-limit
will be 1 unless set with -y.
This option controls transfers and thus will not affect
slow connects etc. If this is a concern for you, try
the --connect-timeout option.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-Y/--speed-limit <speed>
If a download is slower than this given speed, in bytes
per second, for speed-time seconds it gets aborted.
speed-time is set with -Y and is 30 if not set.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-z/--time-cond <date expression>
(HTTP) Request to get a file that has been modified
later than the given time and date, or one that has
been modified before that time. The date expression can
be all sorts of date strings or if it doesn't match any
internal ones, it tries to get the time from a given
file name instead! See the GNU date(1) or curl_get
date(3) man pages for date expression details.
Start the date expression with a dash (-) to make it
request for a document that is older than the given
date/time, default is a document that is newer than the
specified date/time.
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-Z/--max-redirs <num>
Set maximum number of redirection-followings allowed.
If -L/--location is used, this option can be used to
prevent curl from following redirections "in absurdum".
If this option is used several times, the last one will
be used.
-3/--sslv3
(HTTPS) Forces curl to use SSL version 3 when negotiat
ing with a remote SSL server.
-2/--sslv2
(HTTPS) Forces curl to use SSL version 2 when negotiat
ing with a remote SSL server.
-0/--http1.0
(HTTP) Forces curl to issue its requests using HTTP 1.0
instead of using its internally preferred: HTTP 1.1.
-#/--progress-bar
Make curl display progress information as a progress
bar instead of the default statistics.
If this option is used twice, the second will again
disable the progress bar.
FILES
~/.curlrc
Default config file.
ENVIRONMENT
http_proxy [protocol://]<host>[:port]
Sets proxy server to use for HTTP.
HTTPS_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]
Sets proxy server to use for HTTPS.
FTP_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]
Sets proxy server to use for FTP.
GOPHER_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]
Sets proxy server to use for GOPHER.
ALL_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]
Sets proxy server to use if no protocol-specific proxy
is set.
NO_PROXY <comma-separated list of hosts>
list of host names that shouldn't go through any proxy.
If set to a asterisk
EXIT CODES
There exists a bunch of different error codes and their cor
responding error messages that may appear during bad condi
tions. At the time of this writing, the exit codes are:
1 Unsupported protocol. This build of curl has no support
for this protocol.
2 Failed to initialize.
3 URL malformat. The syntax was not correct.
4 URL user malformatted. The user-part of the URL syntax
was not correct.
5 Couldn't resolve proxy. The given proxy host could not
be resolved.
6 Couldn't resolve host. The given remote host was not
resolved.
7 Failed to connect to host.
8 FTP weird server reply. The server sent data curl
couldn't parse.
9 FTP access denied. The server denied login.
10 FTP user/password incorrect. Either one or both were
not accepted by the server.
11 FTP weird PASS reply. Curl couldn't parse the reply
sent to the PASS request.
12 FTP weird USER reply. Curl couldn't parse the reply
sent to the USER request.
13 FTP weird PASV reply, Curl couldn't parse the reply
sent to the PASV request.
14 FTP weird 227 format. Curl couldn't parse the 227-line
the server sent.
15 FTP can't get host. Couldn't resolve the host IP we got
in the 227-line.
16 FTP can't reconnect. Couldn't connect to the host we
got in the 227-line.
17 FTP couldn't set binary. Couldn't change transfer
method to binary.
18 Partial file. Only a part of the file was transfered.
19 FTP couldn't RETR file. The RETR command failed.
20 FTP write error. The transfer was reported bad by the
server.
21 FTP quote error. A quote command returned error from
the server.
22 HTTP not found. The requested page was not found. This
return code only appears if --fail is used.
23 Write error. Curl couldn't write data to a local
filesystem or similar.
24 Malformat user. User name badly specified.
25 FTP couldn't STOR file. The server denied the STOR
operation.
26 Read error. Various reading problems.
27 Out of memory. A memory allocation request failed.
28 Operation timeout. The specified time-out period was
reached according to the conditions.
29 FTP couldn't set ASCII. The server returned an unknown
reply.
30 FTP PORT failed. The PORT command failed.
31 FTP couldn't use REST. The REST command failed.
32 FTP couldn't use SIZE. The SIZE command failed. The
command is an extension to the original FTP spec RFC
959.
33 HTTP range error. The range "command" didn't work.
34 HTTP post error. Internal post-request generation
error.
35 SSL connect error. The SSL handshaking failed.
36 FTP bad download resume. Couldn't continue an earlier
aborted download.
37 FILE couldn't read file. Failed to open the file. Per
missions?
38 LDAP cannot bind. LDAP bind operation failed.
39 LDAP search failed.
40 Library not found. The LDAP library was not found.
41 Function not found. A required LDAP function was not
found.
42 Aborted by callback. An application told curl to abort
the operation.
43 Internal error. A function was called with a bad
parameter.
44 Internal error. A function was called in a bad order.
45 Interface error. A specified outgoing interface could
not be used.
46 Bad password entered. An error was signaled when the
password was entered.
47 Too many redirects. When following redirects, curl hit
the maximum amount.
48 Unknown TELNET option specified.
49 Malformed telnet option.
51 The remote peer's SSL certificate wasn't ok
52 The server didn't reply anything, which here is consid
ered an error.
53 SSL crypto engine not found
54 Cannot set SSL crypto engine as default
55 Failed sending network data
56 Failure in receiving network data
57 Share is in use (internal error)
58 Problem with the local certificate
59 Couldn't use specified SSL cipher
60 Problem with the CA cert (path? permission?)
61 Unrecognized transfer encoding
XX There will appear more error codes here in future
releases. The existing ones are meant to never change.
BUGS
If you do find bugs, mail them to curl-bug@haxx.se.
AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
Daniel Stenberg is the main author, but the whole list of
contributors is found in the separate THANKS file.
WWW
http://curl.haxx.se
FTP
ftp://ftp.sunet.se/pub/www/utilities/curl/
SEE ALSO
ftp(1), wget(1), snarf(1)
Man(1) output converted with
man2html